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BGP, Border Gateway Protocol
BGP, Border Gateway Protocol
BGP is the most common protocol used by gateway hosts connecting to the web. The routing table it uses contains a list of known routers, all addresses they are able to reach, along with a cost metric that ensures that the best available route is selected.
Hosts using BGP also make use of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). They only send information regarding updated routing tables when changes have been detected. In this instance, only details regarding the effected part of the routing table is sent.
BGP communicates with autonomous networks by using IBGP (Internal Border Gateway Protocol). When extending the protocol, routers inside the autonomous network maintains two routing tables: one for IBGP and for IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol).
BGP-4 is the most widely used version today. The protocol adds ease to the process of using CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing). This is a convenient way to have more addresses inside of the network than within the current address scheme assigned by the IP.