Algorithm

In computing, mathematics, linguistics and related fields, an algorithm is often defined as a method in which a definitive list of instructions for a specific task that proceeds through a series of successive states, performs a designated function and eventually reaches a set conclusion. The transition in between states is not always deterministic as some algorithms implement randomness. Algorithms are an essential part of how a computer processes data. In a sense, a computer application can be viewed as an algorithm that instructs the machine of what specific tasks need to be performed in a particular order. This may include printing a document or encrypting data. Since an algorithm is a defined list of specific steps, the sequence of computation is generally critical to it’s overall function. It is typically assumed that instructions are to be listed explicitly, often described as starting from the top of the algorithm down to the bottom.